abstract：:This study investigated the relationship between the drug combinations of the eradication regimens and the prevalence of acquired resistance to clarithromycin. Of 540 patients treated with anti-Helicobacter pylori regimens containing clarithromycin, 55 patients (31 males, mean age, 45.6 years) with failed eradication ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Murakami K,Fujioka T,Okimoto T,Sato R,Kodama M,Nasu M

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of the ketolide ABT-773 against 180 erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained from children was compared with telithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromyin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, penicillin, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin. Ketolide MICs were all < or =1 mg/l, with ABT-773 being the most p...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Johnson CN,Benjamin WH Jr,Gray BM,Crain MC,Edwards KM,Waites KB

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nepeta cataria L., commonly known as catnip, is a perennial herb with a considerable folkloric reputation. A diethyl ether extract of this plant has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against fungi and Gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this work was to study the activity of N. cataria extract on 44 Staphylococ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Nostro A,Cannatelli MA,Crisafi G,Alonzo V

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PCR amplification of 55 strains of Enterobacter cloacae indicated 51 of them had amp C structural gene verified by DNA sequence and Southern blotting. All PCR products were cleaved into 666- and 328-bp fragments by Kpn1 restriction enzyme. Imipenem was the most potent inducer for mRNA expression of amp C gene and beta...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Zhang YL,Li JT,Zhao MW

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial activity of linezolid, a recently developed antibiotic agent active against Gram-positive bacteria, was tested against pathogens from three different collections. (1) Uropathogens from hospitalized urological patients (1990/1991) with complicated and/or hospital-acquired UTIs; Urologic Clinic, Hospit...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Onda H,Wagenlehner FM,Lehn N,Naber KG

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antifungal activity of posaconazole (SCH56592), a new triazole antifungal, against stock cultures and fresh clinical isolates of a wide range of pathogenic fungi was compared with that of itraconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Posaconazole inhibited growth of all the fungal species tested except Fusarium sp...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Uchida K,Yokota N,Yamaguchi H

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two hundred and twenty-eight episodes of infective endocarditis in adult patients (mean age 36 years) were reviewed retrospectively. There were 183 episodes (80%) of native valve, 15 (7%) early prosthetic valve and 30 (13%) late prosthetic valve endocarditis. The most common predisposing factor was rheumatic valvular ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Cetinkaya Y,Akova M,Akalin HE,Aşçioğlu S,Hayran M,Uzuns O,Aksöyek S,Tokgözoğlu L,Oto A,Kes S,Paşaoğlu I,Unal S

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel ketolide telithromycin (formerly HMR-3647) was tested against a collection of pneumococci of varying sensitivity to erythromycin and clindamycin, isolated in geographically diverse UK hospitals. Telithromycin was highly active against erythromycin-susceptible pneumococci, the MIC(90) being 0.015 mg/l. Erythr...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Johnson AP,Henwood CJ,Tysall L,Warner M

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum bactericidal activity was studied in a crossover manner in 10 volunteers, after 2-day administration of grepafloxacin 600 mg qd, ofloxacin 400 mg bid and clarithromycin 500 mg bid. Bactericidal activity against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Klebs...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Dan M,Poch F,Asherov J

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the formation of biofilm, its characteristics, its effect on the host cells and treatment of the condition. The airway biofilm diseases are known to be intractable and persistent; also, auto-immune factors play a role in the development of the symptoms. The characteristic of airway biofilm disease...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Kobayashi H

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four hundred methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) from different geographical areas in Malaysia were tested for mupirocin susceptibility using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. The majority of these strains (98.75%) were susceptible to mupirocin with MICs of < or = 4 mg/l. Fif...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Norazah A,Koh YT,Ghani Kamel A,Alias R,Lim VK

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary tract (UTI) is a major disease burden for many patients with diabetes. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is several-fold more common among women and acute plyelonephritis is five to ten times more common in both sexes. The complications of pyelonephritis are also more common in patients with diabetes. These complicatio...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Ronald A,Ludwig E

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The last decade has been remarkable for the dramatic increase in the prevalence of serious fungal infections in patients with haematological disorders and neutropenic cancer patients. The mortality rate of deep-seated infection has been in excess of 90% and there is no doubt that this is one of the greatest challenges...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Hann IM,Prentice HG

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was studied. Moxifloxacin and levofloxacin showed the greatest activity having an MIC(90) of 1 mg/l. The MIC(90) for ofloxacin was 2 mg/l and for ciprofloxacin 4 mg/l. Further studies should b...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Rodríguez JC,Ruiz M,Climent A,Royo G

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to the ever-increasing number of immunocompromised patients, both localised and life-threatening systemic fungal infections are on the increase. Conventional treatment is of limited help, not in the least due to a less optimum benefit-to-risk ratio. Moreover, emerging pathogens with reduced antimicrobial susceptib...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Bastert J,Schaller M,Korting HC,Evans EG

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of the 16,024 patients hospitalized from January 1995 to October 1997, 397 (2.4%) acquired nosocomial pneumonia and the aetiological agent was defined in 101 (25%). About 82% developed late onset pneumonia (>7 days of hospitalization). The site of isolation of microorganisms was bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (49%), blo...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Costa SF,Newbaer M,Santos CR,Basso M,Soares I,Levin AS

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial effect of a benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648, either alone or in combination with ofloxacin, was evaluated in vitro against two type strains and six clinical isolates of Mycobacterium ulcerans. Growth of M. ulcerans was measured by plate counts and the BACTEC radiometric method. The minimal inhibitory ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Dhople AM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters--(i) the peak concentration to the minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (C(max)/MIC); (ii) the area under the concentration-time curve to MIC ratio (AUC(24h)/MIC); and (iii) the time the concentration exceeds the MIC (T>MIC)--are important predictors of the clinical e...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Van Bambeke F,Tulkens PM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The safety of all drugs is established by animal studies, administration to healthy volunteers and the observations during clinical studies to confirm efficacy. During these studies, patients are questioned about side-effects and extensive laboratory testing of blood and urine samples is performed. Despite these exten...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Williams JD

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study determined the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly and assessed whether the growth of beta-lactamase producing bacteria is particularly favoured in these patients. Between December 1998 and May 1999, 187 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and 887 patients with acute ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Sanguinetti CM,De Benedetto F,Miragliotta G

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro activities of fourteen antimicrobial agents were tested against 292 clinical isolates of obligately anaerobic bacteria using the broth microdilution technique. Taking all strains as a group the MIC(50/90) (mg/l) values were metronidazole and imipenem 0.25/1, meropenem 0.25/0.5, trovafloxacin 0.25/1, gatif...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Schaumann R,Ackermann G,Pless B,Claros MC,Goldstein EJ,Rodloff AC

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacist provides a vital role in the management of antibiotic policy. Consumers and payers demand quality care at a significantly reduced price. It is imperative that health care adapt to the times. Physicians must be involved in all phases of programmes that are viewed as cost saving. These programmes should i...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Milkovich G

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Strains of Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin have been isolated in several countries. This study compares treatment of Salmonella infection using ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) for 10 days with chloramphenicol (50 mg/kg per day divided into four doses) for 14 days. The pathogen eradicati...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Liberti A,Loiacono L

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Newer treatment strategies for the management of febrile neutropenic patients are being developed. These include: (a) hospital based oral therapy; (b) early discharge after initial stabilization in-hospital, and (c) out-patient therapy. All strategies are likely to be more successful in patients with short-lived neutr...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Rolston KV

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in immunocompromised patients are more severe and invasive than in non-immunocompromised patients. They are characterised by prolonged viral shedding and a tendency to heal more slowly. In addition, resistant viruses are exclusively isolated in immunocompromised patients, requirin...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Snoeck R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial activities of levofloxacin, clarithromycin and KRM-1648 against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) residing in Mono Mac 6 human macrophage-like cells (MM6-Mphis) and A-549 human type II alveolar epithelial cells (A-549 cells) were studied. We measured the antimicro...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Sato K,Tomioka H,Akaki T,Kawahara S

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The population pharmacokinetics of tobramycin was investigated in a group of 327 adult hospitalized patients receiving once-daily administration of tobramycin at a dose of 7 mg kg(-1). The patients had an average age of 57+/-18 y and an average weight of 65+/-14 kg; 153 of the patients were female. Data, comprised of ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Xuan D,Lu JF,Nicolau DP,Nightingale CH

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro activity of the steroidal amide 3beta-acetoxy-17beta-(L-prolyl)amino-5alpha-androstane against 179 gram-positive clinical isolates was examined. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/MIC ratios were < or = 2 for 73% of methicillin-resistant Staphyllococcus aureus, 59% of vancomycin-resistant Entero...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Pettit RK,Cage GD,Pettit GR,Liebman JA

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial resistance can make the efficient treatment of bacterial infections in humans and animals more difficult. Antimicrobial use in food animals may be one of the factors contributing to resistance. The Spanish surveillance network VAV has established a baseline of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Teshager T,Herrero IA,Porrero MC,Garde J,Moreno MA,Domínguez L

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent basic and clinical research efforts have shed more light on the taxonomy, microbiology, epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species. Of all anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides is the most frequently isolated pathogen from clinical specimens, includi...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Falagas ME,Siakavellas E

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and trovafloxacin were tested by the E-test against 100 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ciprofloxacin was the most active of the tested agents with 82% of isolates having a MIC 8). Levofloxacin and trovafloxacin had nearly identical potency:...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Swiatlo E,Moore E,Watt J,McDaniel LS

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in food animals is a major public health threat. Information on the prevalence of resistance to specific drugs in both bacterial and animal species together with changes occurring over time, are necessary to understand the magnitude of the problem and to establish baseli...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Caprioli A,Busani L,Martel JL,Helmuth R

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorcyclizine HCl and ciprofloxacin HCl were shown to have anti-HIV activity. They possess virustatic and virucidal activities against HIV, a murine retrovirus (RV) and several other RNA and DNA viruses. These drugs were screened from a large number of compounds on the basis of in vitro mutagenicity and antimetabolit...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Chakrabarty AN,Mookerjee M,Dastidar SG

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellulitis is a commonly seen clinical syndrome that is most often associated with beta-haemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Several medical conditions and a variety of procedures can predispose to the development of cellulitis by a common mechanism: venous and lymphatic compromise. The precise pathophys...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Baddour LM

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gatifloxacin, grepafloxacin, moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin are fluoroquinolones with enhanced Gram-positive activity while retaining broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative pathogens. Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are older quinolones with broad activity against Gram-negative pathogens and borderline activity ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Blondeau JM,Laskowski R,Bjarnason J,Stewart C

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From January through June of 1998, 4579 bloodstream infections (BSI) due to bacterial pathogens were reported from SENTRY hospitals in Canada, the USA and Latin America. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) were the most common pathogens, together accounting for 55.2% o...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Diekema DJ,Pfaller MA,Jones RN,Doern GV,Kugler KC,Beach ML,Sader HS

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial coating of prosthetic heart valve sewing cuffs has been considered a potentially effective method for preventing prosthetic valve endocarditis. Although traditional in vitro bacterial adherence studies are often useful as screening tools, they can be inadequate in examining the antiinfective efficacy...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Cook G,Costerton JW,Darouiche RO

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary objective of the MYSTIC study is to monitor the performance of meropenem over a period of at least 3 years during which this carbapenem is prescribed in different hospital units thus allowing profiles to be established within individual hospitals. Monitoring is being carried out by assessing the antibiotic...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Turner PJ,Greenhalgh JM,Edwards JR,McKellar J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eighty three patients with neutropenia and cancer were randomised to receive either 1 g meropenem tds or amikacin 15 mg/kg single dose daily plus ceftazidime 2 g tds. No prophylactic antibiotics were allowed before entry to the trial. Seventy seven patients were available for analysis. Infection was microbiologically ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Akova M,Akan H,Korten V,Biberoğlu K,Hayran M,Unal S,Kars A,Kansu E

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prominence of staphylococci as the causative agent in bone and joint infections suggests that fusidic acid (FA) has a potentially important role in their treatment. FA has been studied in a broad range of orthopaedic infections, mostly in combination with other antimicrobials. For susceptible organisms, particular...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Atkins B,Gottlieb T

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00